Principles, Objectives and Elements of Management
Management Principles - Objectives, Elements, Steps, Factors, Targets, Plans: A general proposition that can be deduced from the process of moving people and moving the facilities that act as a basis for guiding someone in doing actions or carrying out his actions to achieve goals what is desired is called the principle of management.
Management Principles
The word management comes from the Italian language (maneggiare) which means to control. Especially in the context of controlling horses originating from Latin, namely manus, which means (hand), the French language, then adopts this word from English into management, which means the art of carrying out and managing.
A general proposition that can be deduced from the process of moving people and moving facilities that act as a basis for guiding someone in doing actions or carrying out his actions to achieve the desired goals is called the principle of management.
Planning is the most important process of all management functions because without planning other functions (organizing, directing, and controlling) will not be able to run.
It can also be formulated simply, planning is the determination of a series of actions to achieve the desired results. A rather complex discussion defines planning as determining what must be achieved. In addition, the planning function includes budgeting. More precisely if planning is formulated as setting goals, policies, procedures, budgets, and programs of an organization.
Plans can be in the form of informal plans or formal plans. An informal plan is an unwritten plan and is not a shared goal of the members of an organization. While the formal plan is a written plan that must be implemented by an organization within a certain period.
A formal plan is a joint plan of a corporate member, that is, each member must know and implement the plan. A formal plan is made to reduce ambiguity and create an understanding of what needs to be done.
Management principles
The only figure who discusses the principles of management is Henry Fayol while the 14 principles of management according to Henry Fayol are as follows.
Division of Labor (Division of Labor)
The division of labor in an agency is very necessary to distinguish someone in a company whether he is a leader, executive, staff and so forth. Good or bad the division of labor determines a lot of effective and efficient.
Javanese authority and responsibility (Authority and Responsibility)
Every official / leader in a certain body must have power and responsibility, the authority of the authority (authority) is the right to make decisions regarding the duties and responsibilities for the work done.
Discipline (Discipline)
Discipline is something that is the basis for the strength of a company or every party involved in an agency must be disciplined to do a job obeying the rules made by the agency leaders must be able to set an example to subordinates by fulfilling the rules and agreements that have been agreed in advance.
Unity of Command
To facilitate the achievement of objectives, it is necessary to have a unity of orders from superiors to subordinates or an employee receives orders from a superior.
Unity of Direction
With the principle of unity of direction it is intended that a head and his employees must not contradict each other in achieving an overall goal.
The Interests of Indivindu Must Be Under Interest
General (Subordinate of Individual Interest General Interest) This principle is intended that the public interest or the company as a whole must be above personal interests.
Fair Wage Payment (Remuneration of Personal)
In giving wages to employees must be fair or impartial, there are objective basics in setting the wages of each employee.
Centralization
An authority can be centralized and can be delegated to certain officials to smooth the nets of a company.
Scalar Chain or Scalar Chain (Line of Authority)
With this principle it is stated that the line of authority in an organization must be clear.
Order (Order)
In carrying out business ventures there must be order both materially and people so that there are rules that must be implemented.
Justice (Equity)
In order for each subordinate to be loyal to his superiors, each superior must practice justice, that is to give everyone what is his right.
Employee Stability (Stability od Tenure of Personal)
The existence of employees must be maintained stable, not too frequent employee changes either due to removal or dismissal. Employee instability will result in increased costs, both in recruiting, training and also for supervision.
Initiative
Every person or employee is given the opportunity to express or carry out initiatives either on how to work the work procedures or carry out new plans in their work.
The Soul of Unity (Esprits de Corps)
Every employee or manager needs to instill a spirit of unity or loyalty to the group so that they can work together with a number of people to achieve common goals.